The R211 subway cars were ordered as part of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority’s ongoing modernization efforts, and cars were initially planned for the A and C lines and the Staten Island Railway.
In 1879, the Georgia General Assembly established the Railroad Commission of Georgia to regulate railroad passenger and freight rates, services and operations.
Congress passed the Railroad Safety Appliance Act in 1893 following decades of rail building across the United States. It provided uniformity to railroad safety standards.